The Impact of War on Iran’s Environment
Attacks on Oil Refineries and the Intensification of Air Pollution in Iran
The widespread release of toxic gases resulting from attacks on refineries and oil facilities, especially carbon monoxide, threatens the health of millions of citizens. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless but highly toxic gas that reduces oxygen delivery to the body and can cause severe poisoning, brain damage, respiratory failure, and death. In addition, the spread of airborne particles and greenhouse gases increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, respiratory illnesses, and cancer.
According to 2025 statistics, between 54 and 58 thousand people die annually in Iran due to air pollution. Cardiovascular diseases account for approximately 46 percent of deaths in the country, and around 87 thousand people lose their lives each year due to cancer. These figures demonstrate the direct impact of pollution and toxic gases on public health.
Chemical Suppression of Protesters and Threats to Public Health
During the January 2026 protests, in addition to widespread killings and violence against protesters, the Islamic Republic of Iran extensively used tear gas and chemical suppressants; actions that posed dangerous consequences for citizens, especially children, the elderly, and respiratory patients. These gases can cause shortness of breath, lung inflammation, eye injuries, skin burns, neurological disorders, and even death in enclosed spaces.
- Climate Change
- Increase in Greenhouse Gases
- Global Warming, and Long-Term Environmental Crises
Consequences and Effects of Environmental Destruction
- Widespread and dangerous air pollution
- Increase in respiratory and pulmonary diseases
- Growth in cancer and cardiovascular illnesses
- Decline in quality of life and threats to public health
- And more…
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Article 50: Protection of the environment and public health
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Article 12: The right to health and the obligation of governments to protect public hygiene
Basel Convention
Article 10: International cooperation, response to incidents and emergencies related to the transportation and disposal of hazardous waste in order to minimize destructive environmental impacts
UNESCO 2030 Agenda
Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Goal 15: Protection of terrestrial ecosystems
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Article 3: Right to life
Defense of Human Rights Association in Iran
Defense of Environment Committee
Translated by Alireza Jahan Bin
